- modernize packages and rust edition. - increase timeout for rollout -

increment cargo version

.gitea/workflows/build-and-deploy.yaml

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4gt.wittyoneoff.com/jason/socktop-webterm:0.2.2
 
       - name: Install kubectl
         run: |
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Wait for rollout to complete
         run: |
-          kubectl rollout status deployment/socktop-webterm -n socktop --timeout=5m
+          kubectl rollout status deployment/socktop-webterm -n socktop --timeout=30m
 
       - name: Verify deployment
         run: |

.gitignore

@@ -37,3 +37,4 @@ scripts/docker-quickstart.sh
 scripts/publish-to-gitea-multiarch.sh
 scripts/publish-to-gitea.sh
 scripts/verify_upgrade.sh
+scripts/check-setup.sh

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,39 +1,34 @@
 [package]
 name = "webterm"
-description = "xterm.js - based webterminal"
+description = "socktop xterm.js - based webterminal"
-repository = "https://github.com/fubarnetes/webterm"
+repository = "https://gt.wittyoneoff.com/jason/socktop-webterm"
 documentation = "https://docs.rs/webterm"
 readme = "README.md"
 categories = ["web-programming", "web-programming::websocket", "web-programming::http-server", "command-line-utilities"]
 keywords = ["terminal", "xterm", "websocket", "terminus", "console"]
 version = "0.2.2"
 authors = ["fabian.freyer@physik.tu-berlin.de","jasonpwitty+socktop@proton.me"]
-edition = "2018"
+edition = "2021"
 license = "BSD-3-Clause"
 
-[badges]
-travis-ci = { repository = "fubarnetes/webterm", branch = "master" }
-maintenance = { status = "actively-developed" }
-
 [dependencies]
-actix-files = "0.1.6"
+actix-files = "0.6"
-actix-service = "0.4.2"
+actix-web = "4.9"
-actix-web-actors = "1.0.2"
+actix-web-actors = "4.3"
-actix-web= "1.0.8"
+actix = "0.13"
-actix= "0.8.3"
+actix-rt = "2.10"
-futures = "0.1.29"
+futures = "0.3"
-handlebars = "2.0.2"
+handlebars = "6.3"
-lazy_static = "1.4.0"
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-libc = "0.2.66"
+serde_json = "1.0"
-log = "0.4.8"
+clap = { version = "4.5", features = ["derive"] }
-pretty_env_logger = "0.3.1"
+tokio = { version = "1.42", features = ["full"] }
-serde = "1.0.104"
+tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["codec"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.44"
+portable-pty = "0.8"
-structopt = "0.3.7"
+bytes = "1.9"
-tokio = "0.1.22"
+log = "0.4"
-tokio-codec= "0.1.1"
+env_logger = "0.11"
-tokio-io= "0.1.12"
+libc = "0.2"
-tokio-pty-process = "0.4"
 
 [lib]
 name = "webterm"

README.md

@@ -1,31 +1,217 @@
-# webterm
+# Socktop WebTerm
-web terminal based on xterm.js in rust
+
+A web-based terminal using xterm.js and Rust, part of the Socktop project.
 
 ![Screenshot](screenshots/screenshot.png)
 
-# Is it any good?
+## About
-[Yes.](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3067434)
 
-# How does it work?
+This is a modern web terminal server that provides browser-based terminal access with WebSocket support. It's built with Rust using the Actix-Web framework and xterm.js for the frontend.
 
-There is a rust backend based [Actix], consisting of two actors:
+## Features
-* `Websocket` implements a websocket that speaks the [Terminado] protocol
-* `Terminal` handles communication to a child spawned on a PTY using [tokio-pty-process].
 
-The frontend is a static HTML page served by [actix-web][Actix] providing an [xterm.js] UI.
+- 🖥️ Full-featured terminal emulation via xterm.js
+- 🔌 WebSocket-based communication using the Terminado protocol
+- 🚀 High-performance Rust backend
+- ⚡ Zero-downtime rolling deployments via CI/CD
+- 🐳 Containerized deployment with Docker
+- ☸️ Kubernetes/k3s ready with automated deployments
 
-[Actix]: https://actix.rs
+## Architecture
-[Terminado]: https://github.com/jupyter/terminado
-[tokio-pty-process]: https://crates.io/crates/tokio-pty-process
-[xterm.js]: https://xtermjs.org/
 
-# Local development
+The application consists of two main components:
-```
+
+### Backend (Rust)
+- **Websocket Actor**: Implements WebSocket communication using the [Terminado](https://github.com/jupyter/terminado) protocol
+- **Terminal Actor**: Manages PTY communication with spawned processes using [portable-pty](https://crates.io/crates/portable-pty)
+- **Actix-Web Server**: Serves static files and handles HTTP/WebSocket routing
+
+### Frontend
+- **xterm.js**: Provides the terminal UI in the browser
+- **Static Assets**: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript served by Actix-Web
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+- Rust 1.90+ (2021 edition)
+- Node.js and npm (for xterm.js dependencies)
+- Docker (optional, for containerized deployment)
+- Kubernetes/k3s (optional, for orchestrated deployment)
+
+## Local Development
+
+```bash
+# Clone the repository
+git clone https://gt.wittyoneoff.com/jason/socktop-webterm
+cd socktop-webterm
+
+# Install npm dependencies
+npm install
+
+# Verify setup (optional but recommended)
+./check-setup.sh
+
+# Build and run
 cargo build
 cargo run
 ```
-Then head to `http://localhost:8080/` to see it in action!
 
-# Should I run this on the internet?
+Then head to `http://localhost:8082/` to see it in action!
 
-Probably not. It lets anyone who can access the webpage control your system.
+### Setup Verification
+
+Before running the server, you can verify that all required files and dependencies are in place:
+
+```bash
+./check-setup.sh
+```
+
+This will check for:
+- Required directories (static, templates, node_modules)
+- Critical files (templates, JavaScript, CSS)
+- xterm.js installation
+- Build tools (cargo, npm)
+
+**Note**: The server must be run from the project root directory, as it expects `./static`, `./templates`, and `./node_modules` to be accessible in the current working directory.
+
+### Command Line Options
+
+```bash
+webterm-server --help
+```
+
+Options:
+- `-p, --port <PORT>` - The port to listen on (default: 8082)
+- `-H, --host <HOST>` - The host or IP to listen on (default: localhost)
+- `-c, --command <COMMAND>` - The command to execute (default: /bin/sh)
+
+Example:
+```bash
+cargo run -- --port 8080 --host 0.0.0.0 --command /bin/bash
+```
+
+## Production Deployment
+
+### Docker
+
+```bash
+# Build the image
+docker build -t socktop-webterm:latest .
+
+# Run the container
+docker run -d -p 8082:8082 socktop-webterm:latest
+```
+
+### Kubernetes/k3s
+
+Automated deployment via Gitea Actions CI/CD:
+
+1. Push to `main` branch
+2. Workflow automatically builds arm64 image
+3. Image tagged with version from `Cargo.toml`
+4. Deployed to k3s cluster with zero-downtime rolling update
+
+See `.gitea/workflows/build-and-deploy.yaml` for the complete workflow.
+
+Manual deployment:
+```bash
+kubectl apply -f kubernetes/
+```
+
+## CI/CD Pipeline
+
+This project includes a complete CI/CD pipeline using Gitea Actions:
+
+- **Automatic builds** on every push to main/master
+- **Version tagging** from Cargo.toml
+- **Container registry** integration
+- **Automated k3s deployment** with rolling updates
+- **Zero downtime** deployments
+
+For setup instructions, see:
+- [Getting Started Guide](GETTING-STARTED-CI-CD.md)
+- [CI/CD Overview](CI-CD-OVERVIEW.md)
+- [Quick Reference](.gitea/QUICKSTART.md)
+
+## Technology Stack
+
+- **Backend**: Rust 2021, Actix-Web 4.x, Actix 0.13, portable-pty
+- **Frontend**: xterm.js, HTML5, CSS3
+- **Templating**: Handlebars 6.x
+- **CLI**: clap 4.x
+- **Async Runtime**: Tokio 1.x
+- **Containerization**: Docker, Kubernetes/k3s
+- **CI/CD**: Gitea Actions
+
+## Security Considerations
+
+⚠️ **Warning**: This application provides shell access to anyone who can access the web interface. It is intended for use in controlled environments only. Only run in Run in isolated containers/namespaces.
+
+## Credits
+
+### Original Author
+This project is a fork of [webterm](https://github.com/fubarnetes/webterm) originally created by:
+- **Fabian Freyer** (fabian.freyer@physik.tu-berlin.de)
+
+### Socktop Enhancements
+Modernized and enhanced for the Socktop project by:
+- **Jason Witty** (jasonpwitty+socktop@proton.me)
+
+#### Major Changes from Original
+- Updated to Rust 2021 edition
+- Modernized dependencies (Actix-Web 1.x → 4.x, Tokio 0.1 → 1.x)
+- Replaced deprecated `tokio-pty-process` with `portable-pty`
+- Added automated CI/CD pipeline with Gitea Actions
+- Containerized deployment with Docker
+- Kubernetes/k3s orchestration support
+- Added idle session timeout (5 minutes)
+- Improved error handling and logging
+- Modern CLI with clap instead of structopt
+- Updated to latest xterm.js
+
+## License
+
+This project is licensed under the **BSD 3-Clause License** - see below:
+
+```
+Copyright (c) 2019 Fabian Freyer
+Copyright (c) 2024 Jason Witty
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors
+   may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+   without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+```
+
+## Contributing
+
+Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit pull requests or open issues.
+
+## Links
+
+- **Repository**: https://gt.wittyoneoff.com/jason/socktop-webterm
+- **Original Project**: https://github.com/fubarnetes/webterm
+- **xterm.js**: https://xtermjs.org/
+- **Actix-Web**: https://actix.rs
+- **portable-pty**: https://crates.io/crates/portable-pty

build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+use std::path::Path;
+
+fn main() {
+    // Verify that required directories exist at build time
+    let required_dirs = vec!["static", "templates", "node_modules"];
+
+    let mut missing_dirs = Vec::new();
+
+    for dir in &required_dirs {
+        if !Path::new(dir).exists() {
+            missing_dirs.push(*dir);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !missing_dirs.is_empty() {
+        println!("cargo:warning=Missing required directories:");
+        for dir in &missing_dirs {
+            println!("cargo:warning=  - {}", dir);
+        }
+
+        if missing_dirs.contains(&"node_modules") {
+            println!("cargo:warning=Run 'npm install' to install frontend dependencies");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Verify critical files
+    let required_files = vec![
+        "templates/term.html",
+        "static/terminal.js",
+        "static/terminado-addon.js",
+        "static/styles.css",
+    ];
+
+    let mut missing_files = Vec::new();
+
+    for file in &required_files {
+        if !Path::new(file).exists() {
+            missing_files.push(*file);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !missing_files.is_empty() {
+        println!("cargo:warning=Missing required files:");
+        for file in &missing_files {
+            println!("cargo:warning=  - {}", file);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Tell cargo to rerun if these directories change
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=static/");
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=templates/");
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=package.json");
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=package-lock.json");
+}

src/event.rs

@@ -1,71 +1,34 @@
 use actix::Message;
-use futures::{Future, Poll};
+use bytes::Bytes;
-use libc::c_ushort;
-use tokio_pty_process::PtyMaster;
 
 pub use crate::terminado::TerminadoMessage;
 
-use tokio_codec::{BytesCodec, Decoder};
-type BytesMut = <BytesCodec as Decoder>::Item;
-
-pub struct Resize<T: PtyMaster> {
-    pty: T,
-    rows: c_ushort,
-    cols: c_ushort,
-}
-
-impl<T: PtyMaster> Resize<T> {
-    pub fn new(pty: T, rows: c_ushort, cols: c_ushort) -> Self {
-        Self { pty, rows, cols }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: PtyMaster> Future for Resize<T> {
-    type Item = ();
-    type Error = std::io::Error;
-
-    fn poll(&mut self) -> Poll<Self::Item, Self::Error> {
-        self.pty.resize(self.rows, self.cols)
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub struct IO(pub BytesMut);
+pub struct IO(pub Bytes);
 
 impl Message for IO {
     type Result = ();
 }
 
-impl Into<actix_web::web::Bytes> for IO {
+impl From<Bytes> for IO {
-    fn into(self) -> actix_web::web::Bytes {
+    fn from(b: Bytes) -> Self {
-        self.0.into()
+        Self(b)
-    }
-}
-
-impl AsRef<[u8]> for IO {
-    fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
-        self.0.as_ref()
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<actix_web::web::Bytes> for IO {
-    fn from(b: actix_web::web::Bytes) -> Self {
-        Self(b.as_ref().into())
     }
 }
 
 impl From<String> for IO {
     fn from(s: String) -> Self {
-        Self(s.into())
+        Self(Bytes::from(s))
     }
 }
 
 impl From<&str> for IO {
     fn from(s: &str) -> Self {
-        Self(s.into())
+        Self(Bytes::from(s.to_owned()))
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ChildDied();
 
 impl Message for ChildDied {

src/lib.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2019 Fabian Freyer <fabian.freyer@physik.tu-berlin.de>.
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Jason Witty <jasonpwitty+socktop@proton.me>.
 // All rights reserved.
 //
 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -27,24 +28,19 @@
 // ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 // POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-#[macro_use]
-extern crate serde_json;
-#[macro_use]
-extern crate log;
-
 use actix::prelude::*;
 use actix::{Actor, StreamHandler};
 use actix_web::{web, App, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
 use actix_web_actors::ws;
 
-use std::io::Write;
+use std::io::{Read, Write};
 use std::process::Command;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 
-use tokio_codec::{BytesCodec, Decoder, FramedRead};
+use bytes::Bytes;
-use tokio_pty_process::{AsyncPtyMaster, AsyncPtyMasterWriteHalf, Child, CommandExt};
-
 use handlebars::Handlebars;
+use portable_pty::{native_pty_system, CommandBuilder, PtySize};
+use serde_json::json;
 
 const HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
 const CLIENT_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
@@ -54,6 +50,8 @@ const IDLE_CHECK_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30); // Check every 30
 mod event;
 mod terminado;
 
+use event::{ChildDied, TerminadoMessage, IO};
+
 /// Actix WebSocket actor
 pub struct Websocket {
     cons: Option<Addr<Terminal>>,
@@ -76,51 +74,49 @@ impl Actor for Websocket {
         // Start PTY
         self.cons = Some(Terminal::new(ctx.address(), command).start());
 
-        trace!("Started WebSocket");
+        log::trace!("Started WebSocket");
     }
 
     fn stopping(&mut self, _ctx: &mut Self::Context) -> Running {
-        trace!("Stopping WebSocket");
+        log::trace!("Stopping WebSocket");
 
-        // When the WebSocket disconnects, the Terminal's idle timeout will
-        // automatically clean up the PTY session after IDLE_TIMEOUT (5 minutes).
-        // This prevents "grey goo" accumulation of orphaned terminal processes
-        // while giving reconnecting clients a grace period.
         if let Some(_cons) = self.cons.take() {
-            info!("WebSocket disconnecting, Terminal will timeout if idle");
+            log::info!("WebSocket disconnecting, Terminal will timeout if idle");
         }
 
         Running::Stop
     }
 
     fn stopped(&mut self, _ctx: &mut Self::Context) {
-        trace!("Stopped WebSocket");
+        log::trace!("Stopped WebSocket");
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<event::IO> for Websocket {
+impl Handler<IO> for Websocket {
     type Result = ();
 
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: event::IO, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
+    fn handle(&mut self, msg: IO, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
-        trace!("Websocket <- Terminal : {:?}", msg);
+        log::trace!("Websocket <- Terminal : {:?}", msg);
-        ctx.binary(msg);
+        ctx.binary(msg.0);
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<event::TerminadoMessage> for Websocket {
+impl Handler<TerminadoMessage> for Websocket {
     type Result = ();
 
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: event::TerminadoMessage, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
+    fn handle(&mut self, msg: TerminadoMessage, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
-        trace!("Websocket <- Terminal : {:?}", msg);
+        log::trace!("Websocket <- Terminal : {:?}", msg);
         match msg {
-            event::TerminadoMessage::Stdout(_) => {
+            TerminadoMessage::Stdout(_) => {
                 let json = serde_json::to_string(&msg);
 
                 if let Ok(json) = json {
                     ctx.text(json);
                 }
             }
-            _ => error!(r#"Invalid event::TerminadoMessage to Websocket: only "stdout" supported"#),
+            _ => log::error!(
+                r#"Invalid event::TerminadoMessage to Websocket: only "stdout" supported"#
+            ),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -137,22 +133,31 @@ impl Websocket {
     fn hb(&self, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
         ctx.run_interval(HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL, |act, ctx| {
             if Instant::now().duration_since(act.hb) > CLIENT_TIMEOUT {
-                warn!("Client heartbeat timeout, disconnecting.");
+                log::warn!("Client heartbeat timeout, disconnecting.");
                 ctx.stop();
                 return;
             }
 
-            ctx.ping("");
+            ctx.ping(b"");
         });
     }
 }
 
-impl StreamHandler<ws::Message, ws::ProtocolError> for Websocket {
+impl StreamHandler<Result<ws::Message, ws::ProtocolError>> for Websocket {
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: ws::Message, ctx: &mut Self::Context) {
+    fn handle(&mut self, msg: Result<ws::Message, ws::ProtocolError>, ctx: &mut Self::Context) {
         let cons: &mut Addr<Terminal> = match self.cons {
             Some(ref mut c) => c,
             None => {
-                error!("Terminalole died, closing websocket.");
+                log::error!("Terminal died, closing websocket.");
+                ctx.stop();
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let msg = match msg {
+            Ok(msg) => msg,
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("WebSocket protocol error: {}", e);
                 ctx.stop();
                 return;
             }
@@ -166,34 +171,35 @@ impl StreamHandler<ws::Message, ws::ProtocolError> for Websocket {
             ws::Message::Pong(_) => self.hb = Instant::now(),
             ws::Message::Text(t) => {
                 // Attempt to parse the message as JSON.
-                if let Ok(tmsg) = event::TerminadoMessage::from_json(&t) {
+                if let Ok(tmsg) = TerminadoMessage::from_json(t.as_ref()) {
                     cons.do_send(tmsg);
                 } else {
                     // Otherwise, it's just byte data.
-                    cons.do_send(event::IO::from(t));
+                    cons.do_send(IO::from(t.to_string()));
                 }
             }
-            ws::Message::Binary(b) => cons.do_send(event::IO::from(b)),
+            ws::Message::Binary(b) => cons.do_send(IO::from(b)),
             ws::Message::Close(_) => ctx.stop(),
-            ws::Message::Nop => {}
+            ws::Message::Nop | ws::Message::Continuation(_) => {}
         };
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<event::ChildDied> for Websocket {
+impl Handler<ChildDied> for Websocket {
     type Result = ();
 
-    fn handle(&mut self, _msg: event::ChildDied, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
+    fn handle(&mut self, _msg: ChildDied, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
-        trace!("Websocket <- ChildDied");
+        log::trace!("Websocket <- ChildDied");
         ctx.close(None);
         ctx.stop();
     }
 }
 
-/// Represents a PTY backenActix WebSocket actor.d with attached child
+/// Represents a PTY backend with attached child
 pub struct Terminal {
-    pty_write: Option<AsyncPtyMasterWriteHalf>,
+    pty_master: Option<Box<dyn portable_pty::MasterPty + Send>>,
-    child: Option<Child>,
+    pty_writer: Option<Box<dyn Write + Send>>,
+    child: Option<Box<dyn portable_pty::Child + Send>>,
     ws: Addr<Websocket>,
     command: Command,
     last_activity: Instant,
@@ -203,7 +209,8 @@ pub struct Terminal {
 impl Terminal {
     pub fn new(ws: Addr<Websocket>, command: Command) -> Self {
         Self {
-            pty_write: None,
+            pty_master: None,
+            pty_writer: None,
             child: None,
             ws,
             command,
@@ -213,58 +220,101 @@ impl Terminal {
     }
 }
 
-impl StreamHandler<<BytesCodec as Decoder>::Item, <BytesCodec as Decoder>::Error> for Terminal {
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: <BytesCodec as Decoder>::Item, _ctx: &mut Self::Context) {
-        self.ws
-            .do_send(event::TerminadoMessage::Stdout(event::IO(msg)));
-    }
-}
-
 impl Actor for Terminal {
     type Context = Context<Self>;
 
     fn started(&mut self, ctx: &mut Self::Context) {
-        info!("Started Terminal");
+        log::info!("Started Terminal");
-        let pty = match AsyncPtyMaster::open() {
+
+        let pty_system = native_pty_system();
+
+        let pty_pair = match pty_system.openpty(PtySize {
+            rows: 24,
+            cols: 80,
+            pixel_width: 0,
+            pixel_height: 0,
+        }) {
+            Ok(pair) => pair,
             Err(e) => {
-                error!("Unable to open PTY: {:?}", e);
+                log::error!("Unable to open PTY: {:?}", e);
                 ctx.stop();
                 return;
             }
-            Ok(pty) => pty,
         };
 
-        let child = match self.command.spawn_pty_async(&pty) {
+        let mut cmd_builder = CommandBuilder::new(self.command.get_program());
-            Err(e) => {
+        for arg in self.command.get_args() {
-                error!("Unable to spawn child: {:?}", e);
+            cmd_builder.arg(arg);
-                ctx.stop();
-                return;
         }
+        for (key, val) in self.command.get_envs() {
+            if let Some(val) = val {
+                cmd_builder.env(key, val);
+            }
+        }
+
+        let child = match pty_pair.slave.spawn_command(cmd_builder) {
             Ok(child) => child,
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("Unable to spawn child: {:?}", e);
+                ctx.stop();
+                return;
+            }
         };
 
-        info!("Spawned new child process with PID {}", child.id());
+        log::info!("Spawned new child process");
 
-        let (pty_read, mut pty_write) = pty.split();
+        // Get reader and writer
+        let reader = match pty_pair.master.try_clone_reader() {
+            Ok(r) => r,
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("Unable to clone reader: {:?}", e);
+                ctx.stop();
+                return;
+            }
+        };
 
-        // Set a sensible default PTY size immediately after splitting the PTY.
+        let writer = match pty_pair.master.take_writer() {
-        // This avoids sending an initial 0x0 resize to the backend which can
+            Ok(w) => w,
-        // cause panics in terminal UI libraries like ratatui.
+            Err(e) => {
-        //
+                log::error!("Unable to get writer: {:?}", e);
-        // We use the Resize helper which accepts a mutable reference to the
+                ctx.stop();
-        // write-half of the PTY and block until the resize completes.
+                return;
-        let _ = event::Resize::new(&mut pty_write, 24, 80).wait();
+            }
+        };
 
-        self.pty_write = Some(pty_write);
+        self.pty_master = Some(pty_pair.master);
+        self.pty_writer = Some(writer);
         self.child = Some(child);
 
-        Self::add_stream(FramedRead::new(pty_read, BytesCodec::new()), ctx);
+        // Spawn blocking thread to read from PTY
+        let ws = self.ws.clone();
+        std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            let mut reader = reader;
+            let mut buf = [0u8; 8192];
+
+            loop {
+                match reader.read(&mut buf) {
+                    Ok(0) => {
+                        log::info!("PTY reader reached EOF");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    Ok(n) => {
+                        let data = Bytes::copy_from_slice(&buf[..n]);
+                        ws.do_send(TerminadoMessage::Stdout(IO(data)));
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        log::error!("Error reading from PTY: {}", e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        });
 
         // Start idle timeout checker
         ctx.run_interval(IDLE_CHECK_INTERVAL, |act, ctx| {
             let idle_duration = Instant::now().duration_since(act.last_activity);
             if idle_duration >= act.idle_timeout {
-                info!(
+                log::info!(
                     "Terminal idle timeout reached ({:?} idle), stopping session",
                     idle_duration
                 );
@@ -274,93 +324,81 @@ impl Actor for Terminal {
     }
 
     fn stopping(&mut self, _ctx: &mut Self::Context) -> Running {
-        info!("Stopping Terminal");
+        log::info!("Stopping Terminal");
 
-        let child = self.child.take();
+        if let Some(mut child) = self.child.take() {
-
+            let _ = child.kill();
-        if child.is_none() {
+            let _ = child.wait();
-            // Great, child is already dead!
-            return Running::Stop;
         }
 
-        let mut child = child.unwrap();
-
-        match child.kill() {
-            Ok(()) => match child.wait() {
-                Ok(exit) => info!("Child died: {:?}", exit),
-                Err(e) => error!("Child wouldn't die: {}", e),
-            },
-            Err(e) => error!("Could not kill child with PID {}: {}", child.id(), e),
-        };
-
         // Notify the websocket that the child died.
-        self.ws.do_send(event::ChildDied());
+        self.ws.do_send(ChildDied());
 
         Running::Stop
     }
 
     fn stopped(&mut self, _ctx: &mut Self::Context) {
-        info!("Stopped Terminal");
+        log::info!("Stopped Terminal");
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<event::IO> for Terminal {
+impl Handler<IO> for Terminal {
     type Result = ();
 
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: event::IO, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
+    fn handle(&mut self, msg: IO, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
         // Reset idle timer on activity
         self.last_activity = Instant::now();
 
-        let pty = match self.pty_write {
+        let writer = match &mut self.pty_writer {
-            Some(ref mut p) => p,
+            Some(w) => w,
             None => {
-                error!("Write half of PTY died, stopping Terminal.");
+                log::error!("PTY writer died, stopping Terminal.");
                 ctx.stop();
                 return;
             }
         };
 
-        if let Err(e) = pty.write(msg.as_ref()) {
+        if let Err(e) = writer.write_all(&msg.0) {
-            error!("Could not write to PTY: {}", e);
+            log::error!("Could not write to PTY: {}", e);
             ctx.stop();
+            return;
         }
 
-        trace!("Websocket -> Terminal : {:?}", msg);
+        log::trace!("Websocket -> Terminal : {:?}", msg);
     }
 }
 
-impl Handler<event::TerminadoMessage> for Terminal {
+impl Handler<TerminadoMessage> for Terminal {
     type Result = ();
 
-    fn handle(&mut self, msg: event::TerminadoMessage, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
+    fn handle(&mut self, msg: TerminadoMessage, ctx: &mut <Self as Actor>::Context) {
-        let pty = match self.pty_write {
+        log::trace!("Websocket -> Terminal : {:?}", msg);
-            Some(ref mut p) => p,
+        match msg {
+            TerminadoMessage::Stdin(io) => {
+                // Reset idle timer on user input
+                self.last_activity = Instant::now();
+
+                let writer = match &mut self.pty_writer {
+                    Some(w) => w,
                     None => {
-                error!("Write half of PTY died, stopping Terminal.");
+                        log::error!("PTY writer died, stopping Terminal.");
                         ctx.stop();
                         return;
                     }
                 };
 
-        trace!("Websocket -> Terminal : {:?}", msg);
+                if let Err(e) = writer.write_all(&io.0) {
-        match msg {
+                    log::error!("Could not write to PTY: {}", e);
-            event::TerminadoMessage::Stdin(io) => {
-                // Reset idle timer on user input
-                self.last_activity = Instant::now();
-
-                if let Err(e) = pty.write(io.as_ref()) {
-                    error!("Could not write to PTY: {}", e);
                     ctx.stop();
                 }
             }
-            event::TerminadoMessage::Resize { rows, cols } => {
+            TerminadoMessage::Resize { rows, cols } => {
                 // Reset idle timer on resize (user interaction)
                 self.last_activity = Instant::now();
 
-                // Ignore zero-sized resizes which can cause panics in backends
+                // Ignore zero-sized resizes
-                // such as ratatui when they receive a Rect with width or height 0.
                 if rows == 0 || cols == 0 {
-                    trace!(
+                    log::trace!(
                         "Ignoring zero-sized resize: cols = {}, rows = {}",
                         cols,
                         rows
@@ -368,14 +406,29 @@ impl Handler<event::TerminadoMessage> for Terminal {
                     return;
                 }
 
-                info!("Resize: cols = {}, rows = {}", cols, rows);
+                log::info!("Resize: cols = {}, rows = {}", cols, rows);
-                if let Err(e) = event::Resize::new(pty, rows, cols).wait() {
+
-                    error!("Resize failed: {}", e);
+                let pty = match &mut self.pty_master {
+                    Some(p) => p,
+                    None => {
+                        log::error!("PTY died, stopping Terminal.");
+                        ctx.stop();
+                        return;
+                    }
+                };
+
+                if let Err(e) = pty.resize(PtySize {
+                    rows,
+                    cols,
+                    pixel_width: 0,
+                    pixel_height: 0,
+                }) {
+                    log::error!("Resize failed: {}", e);
                     ctx.stop();
                 }
             }
-            event::TerminadoMessage::Stdout(_) => {
+            TerminadoMessage::Stdout(_) => {
-                error!("Invalid Terminado Message: Stdin cannot go to PTY")
+                log::error!("Invalid Terminado Message: Stdout cannot go to PTY")
             }
         };
     }
@@ -384,63 +437,57 @@ impl Handler<event::TerminadoMessage> for Terminal {
 /// Trait to extend an [actix_web::App] by serving a web terminal.
 pub trait WebTermExt {
     /// Serve the websocket for the webterm
-    fn webterm_socket<F>(self: Self, endpoint: &str, handler: F) -> Self
+    fn webterm_socket<F>(self, endpoint: &str, handler: F) -> Self
     where
         F: Clone + Fn(&actix_web::HttpRequest) -> Command + 'static;
 
-    fn webterm_ui(
+    fn webterm_ui(self, endpoint: &str, webterm_socket_endpoint: &str, static_path: &str) -> Self;
-        self: Self,
-        endpoint: &str,
-        webterm_socket_endpoint: &str,
-        static_path: &str,
-    ) -> Self;
 }
 
-impl<T, B> WebTermExt for App<T, B>
+impl<T> WebTermExt for App<T>
 where
-    B: actix_web::body::MessageBody,
+    T: actix_web::dev::ServiceFactory<
-    T: actix_service::NewService<
+        actix_web::dev::ServiceRequest,
         Config = (),
-        Request = actix_web::dev::ServiceRequest,
-        Response = actix_web::dev::ServiceResponse<B>,
         Error = actix_web::Error,
         InitError = (),
     >,
 {
-    fn webterm_socket<F>(self: Self, endpoint: &str, handler: F) -> Self
+    fn webterm_socket<F>(self, endpoint: &str, handler: F) -> Self
     where
         F: Clone + Fn(&actix_web::HttpRequest) -> Command + 'static,
     {
         self.route(
             endpoint,
             web::get().to(move |req: HttpRequest, stream: web::Payload| {
-                ws::start(Websocket::new(handler(&req)), &req, stream)
+                let cmd = handler(&req);
+                async move { ws::start(Websocket::new(cmd), &req, stream) }
             }),
         )
     }
 
-    fn webterm_ui(
+    fn webterm_ui(self, endpoint: &str, webterm_socket_endpoint: &str, static_path: &str) -> Self {
-        self: Self,
-        endpoint: &str,
-        webterm_socket_endpoint: &str,
-        static_path: &str,
-    ) -> Self {
         let mut handlebars = Handlebars::new();
         handlebars
-            .register_templates_directory(".html", "./templates")
+            .register_template_file("term", "./templates/term.html")
             .unwrap();
         let handlebars_ref = web::Data::new(handlebars);
         let static_path = static_path.to_owned();
         let webterm_socket_endpoint = webterm_socket_endpoint.to_owned();
-        self.register_data(handlebars_ref.clone()).route(
+
+        self.app_data(handlebars_ref.clone()).route(
             endpoint,
-            web::get().to(move |hb: web::Data<Handlebars>| {
+            web::get().to(move |hb: web::Data<Handlebars<'static>>| {
+                let websocket_path = webterm_socket_endpoint.clone();
+                let static_path_clone = static_path.clone();
+                async move {
                     let data = json!({
-                "websocket_path": webterm_socket_endpoint,
+                        "websocket_path": websocket_path,
-                "static_path": static_path,
+                        "static_path": static_path_clone,
                     });
                     let body = hb.render("term", &data).unwrap();
                     HttpResponse::Ok().body(body)
+                }
             }),
         )
     }

src/server.rs

@@ -1,90 +1,60 @@
-#[macro_use]
-extern crate lazy_static;
-
-use actix_files;
 use actix_web::{App, HttpServer};
-use structopt::StructOpt;
+use clap::Parser;
 use webterm::WebTermExt;
 
-use std::net::TcpListener;
 use std::process::Command;
 
-#[derive(StructOpt, Debug)]
+#[derive(Parser, Debug)]
-#[structopt(name = "webterm-server")]
+#[command(name = "webterm-server")]
+#[command(about = "Web terminal server based on xterm.js")]
 struct Opt {
     /// The port to listen on
-    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "8082")]
+    #[arg(short, long, default_value = "8082")]
     port: u16,
 
     /// The host or IP to listen on
-    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "localhost")]
+    #[arg(short = 'H', long, default_value = "localhost")]
     host: String,
 
     /// The command to execute
-    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "/bin/sh")]
+    #[arg(short, long, default_value = "/bin/sh")]
     command: String,
 }
 
-lazy_static! {
+#[actix_web::main]
-    static ref OPT: Opt = Opt::from_args();
+async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
-}
+    env_logger::init();
 
-fn main() {
+    let opt = Opt::parse();
-    pretty_env_logger::init();
 
     // Normalize common hostnames that sometimes resolve to IPv6-only addresses
     // which can cause platform-specific bind failures. Mapping `localhost` to
     // 127.0.0.1 makes behavior predictable on systems where `::1` would otherwise
     // be selected.
-    let host = if OPT.host == "localhost" {
+    let host = if opt.host == "localhost" {
         "127.0.0.1".to_string()
     } else {
-        OPT.host.clone()
+        opt.host.clone()
     };
 
-    let bind_addr = format!("{}:{}", host, OPT.port);
+    let bind_addr = format!("{}:{}", host, opt.port);
     println!("Starting webterm server on http://{}", bind_addr);
 
-    // Single factory closure variable that we reuse for HttpServer::new.
+    let command = opt.command.clone();
-    // The closure does not capture any stack variables (it references the static
+
-    // `OPT`), so it can act as a simple, repeated factory for the server.
+    HttpServer::new(move || {
-    let factory = || {
+        let cmd = command.clone();
         App::new()
             .service(actix_files::Files::new("/assets", "./static"))
             .service(actix_files::Files::new("/static", "./node_modules"))
-            .webterm_socket("/websocket", |_req| {
+            .webterm_socket("/websocket", move |_req| {
-                // Use the static OPT inside the handler; this does not make the
+                let mut command = Command::new(&cmd);
-                // outer `factory` closure capture stack variables, so factory
+                command.env("TERM", "xterm");
-                // remains a zero-capture closure (a function item/type).
+                command
-                let mut cmd = Command::new(OPT.command.clone());
-                cmd.env("TERM", "xterm");
-                cmd
             })
             .webterm_ui("/", "/websocket", "/static")
-    };
+    })
-
+    .bind(&bind_addr)?
-    // Bind a std::net::TcpListener ourselves and hand it to actix via `listen`.
+    .run()
-    // This avoids actix's address parser producing EINVAL on some platforms.
+    .await
-    let listener = match TcpListener::bind(&bind_addr) {
-        Ok(l) => l,
-        Err(e) => {
-            eprintln!("Failed to bind TcpListener to {}: {}", bind_addr, e);
-            eprintln!("Try `--host 0.0.0.0` or `--host 127.0.0.1` to bind explicitly.");
-            std::process::exit(1);
-        }
-    };
-
-    let server = HttpServer::new(factory)
-        .listen(listener)
-        .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-            eprintln!("Failed to listen on {}: {}", bind_addr, e);
-            std::process::exit(1);
-        });
-
-    println!("Listening on http://{}", bind_addr);
-
-    if let Err(e) = server.run() {
-        eprintln!("Server run failed: {}", e);
-        std::process::exit(1);
-    }
 }

src/terminado.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use actix::Message;
+use log::error;
 
 use libc::c_ushort;
 
@@ -6,7 +7,6 @@ use std::convert::TryFrom;
 
 use serde::ser::SerializeSeq;
 use serde::{Serialize, Serializer};
-use serde_json;
 
 use crate::event::IO;
 

templates/term.html

@@ -44,23 +44,23 @@
         />
 
         <!-- Favicon -->
-        <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/static/favicon.png" />
+        <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/assets/favicon.png" />
-        <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/static/favicon.png" />
+        <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/assets/favicon.png" />
 
         <!-- External Stylesheets -->
         <link
             rel="stylesheet"
             href="{{ static_path }}/@xterm/xterm/css/xterm.css"
         />
-        <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/styles.css" />
+        <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/styles.css" />
         <link
             rel="stylesheet"
             href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css"
         />
 
         <!-- Preload critical resources -->
-        <link rel="preload" href="/static/styles.css" as="style" />
+        <link rel="preload" href="/assets/styles.css" as="style" />
-        <link rel="preload" href="/static/terminal.js" as="script" />
+        <link rel="preload" href="/assets/terminal.js" as="script" />
 
         <!-- DNS Prefetch for external resources -->
         <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com" />
@@ -184,6 +184,6 @@
         </script>
 
         <!-- Initialize Terminal -->
-        <script src="/static/terminal.js"></script>
+        <script src="/assets/terminal.js"></script>
     </body>
 </html>